The effect of dividend policy (announcement) on share prices Essay

Physician-assited suicide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Doctor assited self destruction - Essay Example As a treatment after all other options have run out, doctor helped demise turns into a genuine choice simply after standard measures for comfort care have been discovered unacceptable by capable patients with regards to their own circumstance and qualities (Quill, 1993). In the instances of Vacco v Quill and Washington v Glucksberg, the U.S. Preeminent Court decided that there is no unavoidably secured right to doctor helped self destruction, its choice plainly embraced the utilization of escalated palliative consideration and appeared to give a green light to experimentation at the state level so this sincere and significant discussion can proceed (Burt, 1997). The injury endured by on-screen character Christopher (Reeve, 1998) and his reaction to his condition has been the subject of various reports. The open sees a man who recently delighted in a truly dynamic way of life, however who presently depends on a respirator to inhale, and on others to accommodate his each physical need. Rick Hansen (Hansen,1987) and Teny Fox (Scrivener, 1981) are instances of individuals who have not just added to the general public in critical manners, yet who have additionally caught the creative mind of people in general in their gutsy excursions to help other people experiencing spinal line wounds and disease separately. The activities of Dr. Jack Kevorkian (Pfeifer, Brigham and Robinson, 1996), a specialist focused on helping the at death's door as they continued looking for death, persistently puts this issue about the estimation of life before general society and the courts in the United States. Flach (1988) characterizes psychological well-being as far as versatility. He recommends that when we experience disturbance in our lives, it is through strength that we can travel through our encounters in great psychological well-being. He contends that it is the manner by which well we can incorporate each new experience and situation into our lives that prompts fruitful adjustment for the duration of our lives. In her book,

Hillary Clinton to Publish Book of Essays About Favorite Quotes Critical Linking, February 2, 2017

Hillary Clinton to Publish Book of Essays About Favorite Quotes Critical Linking, February 2, 2017 This  Critical Linking is sponsored by Caraval by Stephanie Garber. Hillary Rodham Clinton, whose stunning electoral college defeat in the 2016 presidential race has given us our current interesting news cycle, will publish a new book of personal essays she hopes will inspire lots of book-buyers, her publisher Simon Schuster announced this morning â€" or words to that effect. Huzzah! Simon and Schuster, though? Boo. It has been officially announced via Brian Herbert that the upcoming Dune remake will be directed by  Denis Villeneuve. Villeneuve is the Oscar-nominated director of Arrival and Sicario, and  the director of the upcoming Blade Runner sequel. Ohhhh new Dune movie! Now the home of the man who wrote that and the other Pooh stories, A.A. Milne, could be yours. Cotchford Farm,  where  author A.A. Milne wrote the stories of Winnie-the-Pooh, Piglet and the rest  is being sold by British real estate company Savills for $2.38 million. A+ would inhabit. Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

The Personality Of Antisocial Personality Disorder

Antisocial personality disorder is a disregard for others rights and violating theses rights. This disorder starts as a child to people who carry this disorder portray the characteristics of irritability, aggressiveness, lack of remorse, and irresponsibility. A psychopath falls under the umbrella of antisocial personality disorders. A psychopath is a person with a personality disorders which is inherited from their parents at birth. Flashes of these inherited factors show and happen in the child upbringing this includes torture animals at a young age, playing weird dark games as a kid, or ripping heads of toys. A perfect example of a Psychopath is Edmund Kemper. A man who showed his psychopath tendencies at a young age that grew into to him becoming a serial killer. My sociopath that I choose to do my research on is Edmund Kemper III aka â€Å" The Co-Ed Killer†. Edmund Kemper was born on December 18, 1948, in Burbank, California by Clarnell Stage and Edmund Kemper Jr .Kemper was a very intelligent person with an IQ of 136 but choose a darker side of life and became a psychopathic serial killer and necrophile who killed 10 people including his mother, and his grandparents. Edmund childhood wasn t the greatest with his violent alcoholic parents who separated at the age of nine. Ed was then forced to live with his mother because his father wouldn t accept him as his son. Kemper mother who suffered from Borderline Personality Disorder would constantly disrespect,humiliate, andShow MoreRelatedThe Personality Of Antisocial Personality Disorder1941 Words   |  8 PagesToday it is estimated that .6 to 4% of the general population are thought to have antisocial personality. (Thompson, 2014) Antisocial disorder is a personality disorder in which a person may have behavioral deficits or tendencies not accepted as normal by society’s standard. Antisocial personality disorder is sometimes also known as sociopathy. Someone who has this disorder may be called a sociopath. Some behavioral deficits seen in sociopaths include, superficial charm, pathological lying, lackRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder711 Words   |  3 PagesAntisocial Personality Disorder is a psychological disorder in which an individual’s way of thinking and way of relating to others is dysfunctional and destructive. People with antisocial personality disorder usually have no regard for right and wrong and often disregard the rights and feelings of others (Mayo Clinic 1). They tend to antagonize and manipulate others for pleasure or personal benefit and often violate the law and end up in trouble most of the time, but show no remorse or regret forRead MoreOverview of Antisocial Personality Disorder1160 Words   |  5 PagesCan antisocial personality disorder affect the life of a person with this diagnostic and their family members? In general, personality’s disorders affect the overall social functioning of a person, by eluding and eliminating any type of socialization; moreover, in the case of a chronic mental condition as an antisocial personality disorder the person with this diagnostic ways of thinking, perceiving situations and relating to others are negative and dysfunctional, affecting their positive and harmlessRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Adhd )1556 Words   |  7 Pagespeople believe that antisocial personality disorder is a faà §ade for criminals to receive lesser sentences by being diagnosed with a medical disorder. However, antisocial personality disorder is not just having and being a sociopathic person; it is a constant struggle. Antisocial personality disorder is a rare personality disorder with mental conditions that has short and long-term effects on a patient’s life . This literature review aims to characterize antisocial personality disorder by addressing theRead MoreA Person With Antisocial Personality Disorder1526 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"What kind of person is capable of taking another person’s life?† A person with Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) is capable of just that and much more. Common careers of people diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder include, sales, management, and business professionals, as well as con artists. This is not an exhaustive list of careers for the antisocial person, as it is common practice for an antisocial person to be a career criminal, and in the most severe cases a serial killer. Read MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Aspd )1432 Words   |  6 Pages Antisocial Personality Disorder Among the vast things studied in the field of psychology lies psychological disorders. These psychological disorders can simply be defined as psychological functions that can be unhealthy and even harmful to a person (Gerrig, 2005). And because this disorders can cause damage to a person it is important to understand them, both to aid a person in this situation or get the correct help if the victim is oneself. There is a vast number of psychological disorders, howeverRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Adhd )1309 Words   |  6 Pages Antisocial Personality Disorder Kevin Adams Medgar Ever Collegeâ€Æ' Antisocial Personality Disorder is often wrongly called sociopathy or psychopathy although both sociopathy and psychopathy are not recognized professional labels for the diagnosis. Antisocial may not be the best way to describe the disorder because it implies shyness and people who suffer from the disorder tend to be more outgoing, charming and pragmatic. The term came about because the disorder is â€Å"anti-society. It’s behaviorRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Ocd ) Essay827 Words   |  4 PagesAntisocial Personality Disorder Katie McGuire University of Groningen Student number: s3229211 Mentor group number: 1636 Mentors: Joke van Dijken and Johanna Hecht Date: 25/10/2016 Antisocial Personality Disorder Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) is a disorder characterized by behaviour that is socially undesirable such as breaking the law, lying, and not feeling any guilt. People who suffer from APD often have certain personality traits such as being charming, manipulative, insincereRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Aspd ) Essay2393 Words   |  10 PagesAntisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) To be considered antisocial is to isolate oneself from general social conditions and demonstrate behaviors that deviate from the social societal norm. Antisocial Personality disorder describes an individual that lacks values and habitually violates societal standards in regards to ethics and social behavior. Individuals with this disorder can be described to lack empathy, act impulsively, and have flagrant disregard for other people. It is hard for them toRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Ocd )1845 Words   |  8 Pages ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER Introductory Psychology PSYC 1101 – Fall Semester 2014 Mr. Moser October 23, 2014 Taylor B. Hart â€Æ' Abstract Antisocial Personality Disorder is a very rare disorder. The criteria to be diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder has been changed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders throughout many years. The rareness of this disorder can be considered beneficial in the world because of the way people diagnosed with it become and

The Rise Of The Chinese Revolution - 1166 Words

â€Å"Let her sleep, for when she wakes she will shake the world.† This statement was once said by Napoleon Bonaparte, a French military and political leader, indicating that China was a resting giant. During the past decades, China had lacked development on some aspects such as governance and it seemed that its movement were backwards. Corruptions, injustices, lack of efficiency and productivity; these are the objects and reasons that hindered China from growing and being united. There had been an abundant number of revolts, wars and uprisings that took place in China during its revolution years and the product of these can be classified as positive or negative outcome depending on one’s point of view. The Chinese revolutionaries made a gigantic impact on their history and they have proven that the power of the people is stronger than the people in power. This paper presents an overview of the circumstances after the revolution took place, the abolishment of the imperi al China, the rise of the Republic and the conflict between the Nationalist and Communist Party. The main discussion of the topics will be started by a brief discussion during the late Qing dynasty. The revolutionaries, led by Sun Yatsen and Huang xing revolted against the Qing due to the endless corruption and its efficiency as an empire. One of the uprising was the Wuchang Uprising, it took place on 10 October 1911 in Hubei province. The southern provinces subsequently declared their independence from the QingShow MoreRelatedChinese Revolution Of 1911 Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagestwo revolutions (one in 1911 and one in 1949) and a civil war. From these events, a new China rose; governed not by its traditional Imperial system, but under the iron grip of communism. While the Chinese Communist Revolution is the most well known, in order to more clearly understand the series of events that took place and their causes, one must go deeper. The conditions that made the communist revolution possible were set up in the in the prior revolution and beyond. Leading to Revolution TheRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Revolutions1237 Words   |  5 PagesCauses and Effects of Revolutions Revolutions have occurred throughout history and continue to arise even in the present day. Many revolution happens because of the miscommunication between the government and its citizens. In the end, the outcome of revolutions are usually good but, sometimes it might not be what people want. In the following paragraphs, examples of the general causes and effects that creates a revolution will be discussed in order to illustrate how revolutions are mainly caused byRead MoreMongol Empire1679 Words   |  7 PagesConrad-Demarest Model of an empire is a basic guideline that all of the empires are said to have to follow. In the Mongols, case they followed this model in the reasons for its fall and in the fact that it had militaristic and political preconditions in its rise, but it did not follow the Conrad-Demarest model in its necessary agricultural preconditions. Like every empire before and after the Mongols, it eventually came to its ultimate demise; but it could have been saved if the Mongols stayed together asRead MoreWorld History Research Paper1505 Words   |  7 Pages4/26/11 Global 4 A New World For China China is in a state of foreign dominance. Europeans and Japanese are taking over its territory. The people have lost faith in their government and they want to start a new one. Revolutionary parties begin to rise and expand. They want their government to get rid of the Europeans and Japanese but they aren’t able to. They have to take matters into their own hands. The people are started to learn from the westerners and they want to modernize. They want theRead MoreWomen During The Imperial Period Essay1638 Words   |  7 PagesDespite having numerous powerful women leaders throughout Chinese history, China has been a traditionally patriarchal society. A society where women have long been charged with upholding society’s values in their roles as wives and mothers. However, radical changes in China’s political, economic and social structures have changed the expected values of women from the imperial period to the Communist revolution to the modern day. This paper aims to examine how these changes in the political, economicRead MorePost Korean War Relations And The Rise Of The People s Republic Of China922 Words   |  4 PagesPost Korean War Relations and the Rise of the People’s Republic of China The Korean War was able to develop the People’s Republic of China as a major up and coming nation. The mid 1950s saw the rise of Chinese agricultural collectivization, making them an influential power in the world. With the country improving every year that passes, Mao wanted to move in the direction of Socialism, but was worried that those in the CCP were restricting him on making that leap. In a statement in 1957, Mao claimedRead MoreMao Zedong : Chinese Cultural Revolution868 Words   |  4 Pages In 1966 Mao Zedong started the Chinese Cultural Revolution that would change the economic climate of China for generations to come. Mao’s goal for the Cultural Revolution was to create a clever organization of the masses that would in turn lead to increased productivity starting with the youth. Unfortunately this mobilization of the masses led to massive destruction as things spiraled out of control at a very fast rate due to Mao’s creation the Red Guard- an army of youths that would seek outRead MoreThe Construction Of Early Chinese Housing1700 Words   |  7 PagesEarly Chinese housing was much like that of the rest of the world: cave dwellings. Where caves were not available or the geology could not support such dwellings, nest dwellings were an alternative. Until resources and building techniques were improved, the caves provided superior protection from the elements during the winter with nest dwellings providing a better ventilated area during the hotter summer days. Permanent dwellings began to emerge with the introduction of earth pounding techniquesRead MoreMao Zedong Of The Peasant Movement1005 Words   |  5 Pagestyrants and gentry, and how they became powerful in rural areas. Finally, Mao gave his own definition of â€Å"It’s terrible!† and â€Å"It’s fine!†. Main Points: 1. The surge of China’s peasant movement was inevitable, and it would be extremely influential on Chinese revolutionary. There are â€Å"three alternatives† for revolutionary parties and comrade to deal with the trend. 2.The development of Hunan’s peasant movement could be divided into two periods. The first one was from January to September in 1926, whichRead More The Ming Dynasty Essay1273 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ming Dynasty The Chinese Empire was large and controlled most of Asia at one point in time. One of the dynasties that ruled the empire was the Ming Family. Ruling from 1368-1644, almost three hundred years, the Ming Dynasty impacted Chinese history very much. The purpose of this paper is to tell the history of the Ming Dynasty’s impact on the Chinese Empire, and to explain why the Chinese Empire was in fact an empire. The Ming Dynasty had created an empire. They had the government

Examples of human societies that collapsed prior to c. 1700 CE Free Essays

string(119) " study of the decline and collapse of Anasazi society, archeologists have relied heavily on a few methods of analysis\." Classic Mayan civilization was among the most advanced to ever develop in the New World prior to European contact, and at its height, Mayan cities supported populations estimated at 250 to 750 people per square mile. 1 They were the only advanced Mesoamerican civilization to have developed an extensive system of writing; they also developed their own unique calendar, and extensively studied mathematics and astronomy. The Classic period of Maya civilization is thought to have begun around 250 CE, based on scholarly interpretation of glyphs on Mayan monuments. We will write a custom essay sample on Examples of human societies that collapsed prior to c. 1700 CE or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2 It is thought that the occurrence of certain repetitive glyphs within an area signify the rise of a local dynasty or kingdom. Based on the number of archeologically verified houses, the Mayan population is estimated to have exponentially increased to its peak of approximately 13 million in around 750CE3, accompanied by a similar increase in the number and size of monuments and buildings. After this point these numbers decline until around 900 CE, which is said to mark the collapse of the Classic Mayan civilization in general. Among Mayan cities of the Classic period, however, some were noted to have peaked and collapsed as early as 600 CE, while others persisted much longer, such as Chichen Itza (around 1250 CE). 4 The end of the Classic Maya period was not the end of Mayan civilization itself, because Spanish explorers such as Cortes encountered Mayan resistance as they established their presence in the area. While diseases introduced by the Spanish occupation eventually brought the survivors’ numbers down to an estimated 3,000 in 1714 CE5, the Spanish occupation itself was not a significant factor in the decline of a civilization which had already reached its zenith and collapsed centuries before. Although the Spaniards’ religious fervor drove them to destroy several of the Mayan manuscripts out of fear of paganism, the surviving written records have enabled archeologists to understand much about the Mayan writing system, and the explorers’ own documentation of the Maya have proved helpful to scholars6. Modern scientific methods have enabled us to understand a great deal about the factors that may have undermined such an advanced society and brought about its downfall. Located at latitudes of 17o to 22o north of the equator, rainfall in the land of the ancient Maya is seasonal and unpredictable, and hence in reality, the habitat of the Mayan civilization can be most accurately described as a seasonal rainforest or desert7. Rainfall varies with location, from 500 mm a year along the north coast, to 4,000 mm a year in some southern areas8. Due to the unpredictable timing and amount of rain in any given season, even modern farmers have frequently encountered difficulties in growing crops. The Maya obviously succeeded in their agricultural efforts for a long time, and cities such as Tikal even show evidence of the construction of cisterns and reservoirs to store water in times of drought9. However, considering the high population density of Classic Mayan cities at their peak, even with their successful agriculture and ability to store water reserves in times of drought, the Maya would still have been vulnerable to severe, prolonged drought – perhaps enough to send them into collapse. To find records of what the climate in the Mayan homeland was like at that time, geologists from the University of Florida gathered sediment cores from several lakes in the Yucatan area and analyzed the patterns of deposition, which indicate that the driest interval in the region in the past 7,000 years had coincided with the collapse of the Classic Maya civilization, between 800-1000 CE. A further study by Larry Peterson and Gerald Haug used x-ray fluorescence to analyze oceanic sediment cores. Titanium and iron deposits in the sediment were used as indicators of rainfall, because these elements originate predominantly from continental rocks and thus a high amount of titanium and iron deposits would reflect on a high volume of rainfall on land in that year. The results corroborated the previous study that had been made using freshwater sediments, indicating an unusually long and severe drought during the period of Classic Maya collapse10. Despite this evidence, the drought theory behind the collapse of Classic Mayan civilization remains far from providing a complete and thoroughly satisfactory explanation. It fails to account for the previously mentioned differences in the dates of collapse of cities that lay within the same region and presumably suffered from the same drought. It has been suggested that the first cities to fall to the drought were more vulnerable by virtue of location, being less proximate to natural bodies of water, such as springs and rivers. This could then lead to warfare between cities due to competition for scant resources, and since the Mayan cities never were united into a single empire, it is likely that such warfare may have greatly destabilized Mayan society. As with other cases of collapsed societies throughout history, it is likely that multiple causes, of which drought was the most significant but by no means the only one, contrived to bring about the fall of the advanced Mayan society. Another society that was founded, peaked, and collapsed close to our modern day home would be the Anasazi of Chaco Canyon. This society had collapsed well before the arrival of Columbus, but unlike the Maya, left behind no written records. What is known about the Anasazi comes from using a combination of scientific methods to analyze what remains of their society. The Native Americans who first settled the U. S. Southwest faced a problem that is still obvious today. This region has very low and unpredictable rainfall. Drought is often cited as the obvious major reason for Anasazi society’s collapse, but recent studies indicate that the Anasazi sites themselves may still have been able to sustain a population at the time of their abandonment. 11 In the study of the decline and collapse of Anasazi society, archeologists have relied heavily on a few methods of analysis. You read "Examples of human societies that collapsed prior to c. 1700 CE" in category "Papers" One lies in the field of dendrochronology and is particularly useful since the Anasazi, particularly at Chaco Canyon, made heavy use of timber for their construction. Using the thickness of individual tree rings from a particular piece of timber, dendrochronologists are able match patterns in the rings of different trees from the same region. By comparing several different trees in this manner, dendrochronologists are able to correctly associate each ring with a specific year, starting from trees in the present day and dating back for thousands of years. Dendrochronological studies thus present highly detailed information regarding the weather patterns of the U. S. Southwest and can indicate not only years of high rainfall or drought, but also the amount of rainfall and the season within a particular year during which the rain fell12. Scientists have also analyzed the contents of pack rat middens to gain insight into the local vegetation. Pack rats (Neotoma spp. ) are rodents that have lived in the area for thousands of years, and gather vegetation and other organic material from within their small territorial range, preserving it in their nests, called ‘middens’. Pack rat midden analysis has allowed scientists to determine that the initial area around Chaco Canyon was forested with pinyon and juniper trees which no longer grow today in the vicinity, and led to the conclusion that the Anasazi of Chaco Canyon had deforested their surrounding woodland for firewood to fuel their pottery making, and for construction material as Chaco became an effective political and religious center for the Anasazi society. 3 Furthermore, studies of strontium isotopes in other types of wood used at Chaco indicate that several conifer logs had actually been imported from more distant areas such as the Chuska and San Mateo mountains, presumably after Chaco itself had been deforested. 14 It is believed that this deforestation led to irreversible nutrient loss in the soil of the Chaco area, which is further strengthened by studies of food remains at archeological sites. These remains indicate that as the food supply in Chaco deteriorated, its inhabitants resorted to eating rabbits and mice, and eventually cannibalism, as evidenced by boiled human bones with smooth ends and human muscle protein found in preserved dried human feces. 15 It is probable that cannibalism came with social unrest, possibly a revolt by the providers of Chaco Canyon against the elite, and that together with these factors, a drought (dated by tree rings to around 1130 CE) pushed Anasazi society at Chaco past its limits. Numbering at possibly 5,000 or more at their peak, the Chaco Anasazi had already exhausted and deforested their environment, and likely fought amongst themselves for the remaining resources. The final example I choose to discuss is the collapse of the Norse settlement of Greenland. Greenland is a harsh and fragile environment, but at the time of the Norse occupation around 980 CE, it was experiencing a relatively warm period that lasted from 800 – 1300 CE, ending with the start of the Little Ice Age. Information about Greenland’s climate is derived from palynological studies, wherein scientists analyze pollen found in mud deposits extracted from the bottom of lakes and bogs, and ice core studies. Pollen studies reveal what sort of plants were growing in the area, and can reveal subtle shifts in climate when pollen from cold-tolerant species is prevalent. Similar to dendrochronology, ice core studies reveal the amount of snowfall within a year, and by using a mass spectrometer it is possible to analyze the content of oxygen isotopes within a layer of snow, with the ratios of these isotopes indicating the average climate during that year. Ice cores can also reveal how stormy the year was in which the snow fell by analyzing concentrations of sodium and calcium ions, which are brought inland by sea spray. 16 By 1000 CE the Norse had settled Greenland in two different areas with a total population of around 5,000. They relied on hay farming to feed their livestock, which consisted of goats, sheep, and cows, but due to the length and severity of their winters, they were forced to estimate how many animals they could support with their stockpiled hay, and slaughter the remainder. If the winter lasted longer than expected, the consequences could obviously lead to the starvation and death of the few remaining livestock. Their pastoral lifestyle, use of turf for buildings, and need for firewood demanded the clearing of native vegetation, and livestock trampling hampered the regeneration of trees. Palynological studies support the conclusion that the Norse had deforested the environment and caused soil erosion, with the decline of pollen from willow and birch trees as well as the presence of topsoil at the bottom of lakes indicating the loss of plant cover and soil. The loss of abundant lumber resulted in the halting of construction involving wood, and the lack of firewood limited the Norse in their efforts to pasteurize dairy products and extract iron for their implements. Unlike the Norse, the Inuit who settled Greenland in about 1200 CE managed to exploit the resources of the sea with their kayaks, hunting plentiful fish (which the Norse oddly refused to eat, as evidenced by the complete lack of fish remains in garbage) and whales, whose blubber could be used for fuel and warmth. Possible hostile contact between the Norse and Inuit may also have led to the decline of Norse society on Greenland, because it prevented the Norse from peacefully interacting with their neighbors and learning from them how to adapt to the extreme conditions. Another factor that weakened the Norse settlement was the increasing difficulty of transportation, and hence trade and communication, across the sea with mainland Norway, as the cold weather brought by the Little Ice Age set in and ice began to make seafaring dangerous. 17 Summarized concisely in the words of Jared Diamond, the Norse settlement of Greenland collapsed due to â€Å"environmental damage, climate change, loss of friendly contacts with Norway, rise of hostile contacts with the Inuit, and the political, economic, social, and cultural setting of the Greenland Norse. †18 How to cite Examples of human societies that collapsed prior to c. 1700 CE, Papers

Progressivism Essays (1928 words) - United States, American Studies

Progressivism Progressivism implies a philosophy that welcomes innovations and reforms in the political, economic, and social order. The Progressive movement, 1901 to 1917, was ultimately the triumph of conservatism rather than a victory for liberalism. In a general sense, the conservative goals of this period justified the Liberal reforms enacted by Progressive leaders. Deviating from the traditional definition of conservatism (a resistance to change and a disposition of hostility to innovations in the political, social, and economic order), the Conservatist triumph was in the sense that there was an effort to maintain basic social and economic relations vital to a capitalist society. The Progressive leaders essentially wanted to perpetuate Liberal reform in order to bring upon general conservatism. Expansion of the federal governments powers, competition and economic distribution of wealth, and the social welfare of American citizens concerned the many leaders of this era. The business influence on politics was quite significant of the Progressive Era. Not only did the three leading Progressive political figures, Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson, bring upon new heights to government regulation, but also the great business leaders of this era defined the units of political intervention. With political capitalism rising to fame, Progressive politics experienced new themes and areas. The inevitability of federal regulation policies, reformation of social welfare, conservation, and various innovations with banking led to one conservative effort: the preservation of existing powers and economic/social relations. The political leaders of this ear were conservative in that they all believed in the fundamentals of basic capitalism. The various forms of anti-trust legislation presented by each president made the nation one step closer to providing a stable, predictable, and secure, therefore, conservative capitalist society. Theodore Roosevelts statist tendencies brought new meaning to government regulation. Roosevelts Anti-Trust policy of 1902 pledged government intervention to break up illegal monopolies and regulate corporations for the public good. Roosevelt felt that bad trusts threatened competition and markets. in order to restore fre e competition, President Roosevelt ordered the Justice department to prosecute corporations pursing monopolistic practices. However, the Judicial Branch repudiated its duty (right of reason) and now, even if the impact of the market was not harmful, actions that restrained or monopolized trade would automatically put a firm in violation of the Sherman law. In 1902, the United Mine Workers were willing to submit to arbitration, but the coal operators adamantly opposed any recognition of the union. Thus, the union members decided to strike over wages, safety conditions, and union recognition. The Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902 ended with the appointment by Roosevelt of an arbitration commission to rule on the issues. Business men did not regard politics (government regulation) as a necessary evil, but as an important part of their position in society. Roosevelt did not see big business as evil, but a permanent development that was necessary in a modern economy. Roosevelt couldnt rely on the courts to distinguish between good or bad trusts. The only solution was for the executive to assume that responsibility. Roosevelts ingenious square dealings and gentlemens agreements controlled many firms. In 1903, a new cabinet position was created to address the concerns of business and labor (Department of Commerce and Labor). Within the department, the Bureau of Corporations was empowered to investigate and report on illegal activities of corporations. The abuse of economic power by railroads proposed another problem for Roosevelt. However, in 19 03, the Elkins Act empowered the ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission, first American federal regulatory agency) to act against discriminatory rebates. Also, in 1906, the Hepburn Act increased the ICC membership from five to seven. The ICC could set its own fair freight rates, had its regulatory pwer extended over pipelines, bridges, and express companies, and was empowered to require a uniform system of accounting by regulated transportation companies. Besides economic relations, Roosevelt involved himself in many important conservative social relations. The Secretary of treasury created an inspection organization to certify that cattle for export were free of disease. With disappointing results, Germany and other European countries banned the importation of American meant. Federal regulation helped improve exports to Europe, free competition, another conservative effort. In 1906, the Meat Inspection Act provided for federal and sanitary regulations and inspections in meant packing facilities. Also, the Pure Food and Drug